Collaboration and Integration

Business to Business (B2B) is a professional organization of no-competing business owners, sales persons and professionals that meet weekly to exchange qualified business referrals and participate in cost-effective co-op advertising. B2B Transactions is much higher than the volume of B2C transactions. B2B is also used in the context of communication and collaboration. The term was originally coined to describe the electronic communications between businesses or enterprises in order to distinguish it from the communications between businesses and consumers "business-to-consumer". It eventually came to be used in marketing as well, initially describing only industrial or capital goods marketing. Today it is widely used to describe all products and services used by enterprises. Many professional institutions and the trade publications focus much more on B2C than B2B, although most sales and marketing personnel are in the B2B sector.

Business to Employee (B2E) uses an intrabusiness network which allows companies to provide products and/or services to their employees. Typically, companies use B2E networks to automate employee-related corporate processes. The B2E portal is designed to include not only everything that an employee might hope to find on an intranet (such as a corporate directory, or customer support information), but also any personal information and links that the employee might want (such as stocks information, or even games). The intention is to increase not only efficiency, but also employee satisfaction and a sense of community within the organization.

Business to Consumer (B2C) a transaction that occurs between a company and a consumer, as opposed to a transaction between companies (called B2B). The term may also describe a company that provides goods or services for consumers.

Business to Government (B2G) is a derivative of B2B Marketing and often referred to as a market definition of "public sector marketing" which encompasses marketing products and services to various government levels - including federal, state and local - through integrated marketing communications techniques such as strategic public relations, branding, marcom, advertising, and web-based communications. B2G networks provide a platform for businesses to bid on government opportunities which are presented as solicitations in the form of RFPs in a reverse auction fashion. Public sector organizations (PSOs) post tenders in the form of RFPs, RFIs, RFQs,  Sources Sought, etc. and suppliers respond to them.

E-Commerce Hosting Issues :

Ecommerce is well beyond that and you have to ponder various issues that may emerge, specifically in the ecommerce environment. In the following section we have highlighted remedies to deal with few of the business issues in ecommerce.

Security & Privacy:
Ecommerce fraud is on a rise and visitors are very skeptical about revealing their financial details online.

Processing Capabilities:
The speed and accuracy of various processes that go in managing an ecommerce store are also very important.

Order Fulfillment:
the major task is to deliver the orders placed on your online store within defined timeframe and above all, as shown on your ecommerce storefront. And Allow users to track their orders online.

Successful order fulfillment is one of the necessities for any ecommerce store and should be given special attention. There are many other issues like legal laws, state economic barriers and governmental provisions that also needs to be accepted. Since Ecommerce is not limited to geographical boundaries, you should always be cautious that you do not over-step any legal and economic restrictions.

Posted By: Sarah Jean Icoy

Collaboration and Integration

Business-to-business (B2B

Business-to-business (B2B) describes commerce transactions between the businesses, such as between a manufacturer and a wholesaler, or between a wholesaler and a retailer. Contrasting terms are business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-government (B2G). B2B (Business to Business) Branding is a term used in marketing. The volume of B2B (Business-to-Business) transactions is much higher than the volume of B2C transactions. The primary reason for this is that in a typical supply chain there will be many B2B transactions involving sub components, or raw materials and only one B2C transaction, specifically sale of the finished product to the end customer. For example, an automobile manufacturer makes several B2B transactions such as buying tires, glass for windscreens, and rubber hoses for its vehicles. The final transaction, a finished vehicle sold to the consumer, is a single (B2C) transaction.

B2B is also used in the context of communication and collaboration. Many businesses are now using social media to connect with their consumers (B2C); however, they are now using similar tools within the business so employees can connect with one another. When communication is taking place amongst employees, this can be referred to as "B2B" communication.

The term was originally coined to describe the electronic communications between businesses or enterprises in order to distinguish it from the communications between businesses and consumers "business-to-consumer". It eventually came to be used in marketing as well, initially describing only industrial or capital goods marketing. Today it is widely used to describe all products and services used by enterprises. Many professional institutions and the trade publications focus much more on B2C than B2B, although most sales and marketing personnel are in the B2B sector.

Buying B2B products is much riskier. Usually, the investment sums are much higher. Purchasing the wrong product or service, the wrong quantity, the wrong quality or agreeing to unfavorable payment terms may put an entire business at risk. Additionally, the purchasing office / manager may have to justify a purchasing decision. If the decision proves to be harmful to the organization, disciplinary measures may be taken or the person may even face termination of employment.

In international trade, delivery risks, exchange rate risks and political risks exist and may affect the business relationship between buyer and seller.

Strong brands imply lower risk of using them. Some of them in detail:

Buying unfamiliar brands implies financial risks. Products may not meet the requirements and may need to be replaced at high cost.

There exists a performance risk as there might be something wrong with an unfamiliar brand.

When buying machinery or supplies for a company, peers may not approve the purchase of an unknown brand, thus posing a social risk

One of the characteristics of a B2B product is that in many cases it is bought by a committee of buyers. It is important to understand what a brand means to these buyers. (Note: Temporal) Buyers are usually well-versed with costing levels and specifications. Also, due to constant monitoring of the market, these buyers would have excellent knowledge of the products too. In many cases the purchases are specification driven. As a result of this, it is vital that brands are clearly defined and target the appropriate segment.

Business-to-B2E

B2E is business-to-employee, an approach in which the focus of business is the employee, rather than the consumer (as it is in business-to-consumer, or B2C) or other businesses (as it is in business-to-business, or B2B). The B2E approach grew out of the ongoing shortage of information technology (IT) workers. In a broad sense, B2E encompasses everything that businesses do to attract and retain well-qualified staff in a competitive market, such as aggressive recruiting tactics, benefits, education opportunities, flexible hours, bonuses, and employee empowerment strategies.

More specifically, the term "B2E" is frequently used to refer to the B2E portal (sometimes called a people portal, which is a customized home page or desktop for everyone within an organization. The B2E portal is sometimes considered to be synonymous with an intranet, but it differs in its focus on the employee's desires. The intranet's focus is the organization; the B2E portal focus is the individual. The B2E portal is designed to include not only everything that an employee might hope to find on an intranet (such as a corporate directory, or customer support information), but also any personal information and links that the employee might want (such as stocks information, or even games). The intention is to increase not only efficiency, but also employee satisfaction and a sense of community within the organization.

A B2E portal has three distinguishing characteristics:

A single point of entry: one URL for everyone within an organization.

A mixture of organization-specific and employee-defined components.

The potential to be highly customized and easily altered to suit the particular employee.

Corporations may develop their own portals or they may rely on the services of any of the large and growing number of B2E portal developers.

B2C

Business that sells products or provides services to end-user consumers.

While business-to-consumer activity exists both online and offline, the acronym B2C has primarily been used to describe the online variety.

B2C businesses played a large role in the rapid development of the commercial Internet in the 1990s. Large sums of venture capital flowed to consumers in the form of free online services and discounted shopping, spurring adoption of the new medium.

When the capital markets turned sour, however, the B2C companies were among the first to fall, and they fell fast. Many companies tried to follow the herd of investors by undergoing a B2C to B2B makeover.

For awhile after the .com bubble, B2C was used infrequently except when it was followed by "…is dead." However, some analysts still predicted that consumer businesses would thrive online, just not in the way everyone initially predicted.

Business-to-government (B2G)

Business-to-government (B2G) is a derivative of B2B marketing and often referred to as a market definition of "public sector marketing" which encompasses marketing products and services to various government levels - including federal, state and local - through integrated marketing communications techniques such as strategic public relations, branding, advertising, and web-based communications.

B2G networks provide a platform for businesses to bid on government opportunities which are presented as solicitations in the form of RFPs in a reverse auction fashion. Public sector organizations (PSOs) post tenders in the form of RFPs, RFIs, RFQs, Sources Sought, etc. and suppliers respond to them.

Government agencies typically have pre-negotiated standing contracts vetting the vendors/suppliers and their products and services for set prices. These can be state, local or federal contracts and some may be grandfathered in by other entities.

There are multiple social platforms dedicated to this vertical market and they have risen in popularity with the onset of a Program and increased government funds available to commercial entities for both grants and contracts.

E-commerce hosting and issue:

Speed - The speed of the server is definitely one of the larger issues that need to be covered for e-commerce.  The server speed must be able to accommodate large numbers of users while providing adequate speed for e-commerce dealings that occur on the website.  A slow server can cause problems with orders and can easily cause more problems if the server continuously times out for customers which may then leave the website and lose sales.

Operating System - The operating system is important for two main reasons being cost and ease of use.  Although Windows is very simple to use, it costs a lot to use on a server.  Linux is relatively free and is available with most hosting services for a much lower price but it is difficult to learn for a completely new user.

Flexibility - Flexibility on how the server can be set up is also important.  Being able to choose the options which allow for the highest performance is important when hosting an e-commerce website through a server.  Flexibility must be able to meet the requirements for your website to ensure the best match with the site.

Security - E-commerce websites are known to be well protected.  If the hosting service cannot protect the website or a portion of the backend to prevent hackers and damaging software such as viruses or malware from getting in, customer information through the e-commerce website can be compromised and cause damages.  The importance of security is not a simple issue to dismiss and must be done correctly by choosing the most secure options for the website while making the necessary changes that will help to provide the best safety for the website.

Solutions/Support - Support and solutions for problems with the website need to be handled as soon as possible.  Websites that are down or have problems will lose customers.  Customers are essential to e-commerce type websites so that they can earn revenue and continue to function.  Support can be done through the hosting service to help fix issues with the server and other possible issues that can cause loss of sales and other serious problems for the e-commerce website.

Choosing the correct server for an e-commerce hosting plan can be done by weighing out the options that are available and choosing one that offers the most benefits.  An e-commerce website needs to have a near perfect uptime and would more than likely need a dedicated server to help ensure that access is not cut off very often.  The server needs to have the highest forms of security and the flexibility that allows it to be put together and working in the best way possible for e-commerce.

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Posted by;

 Tampon, Mirasol

COLLABORATION AND INTEGRATION

B2B (BUSINESS TO BUSINESS) The b2b business sells products or the services to other business. It describes the commerce transactions between the businesses between the wholesaler and the retailer. Now a days we use our social media or our website to sells our products or services by online. Example: Grainger.com sells industrial supplies to large and small business through its website

 (B2E) Business-to-employee The B2E business is such an electronic commerce that uses an business network to allows the companies to provide the products or services for their employees. Example: The online insurance policy management for the employees, corporate announcements and other related between the company and their employee.
 B2C (Business-To-Consumer) The B2C this business for the transaction that occurs between the company and the consumer. The B2C it describes the company that provides the goods or services for the consumers. The B2C it tells all about the transaction between the businesses to the consumer. It shows the relation between the business and ether the consumers.
 (B2G) Business-to-government The B2G the businesses sell goods or services to governments and government agencies. The B2G provides a platform for businesses to bid on government opportunities which shows as the solicitations for the form. Example: CA Gov. Procurement site allows businesses to sell online to the state of California. Ecommerce allows consumers to electronically exchange goods and services with no barriers of time or distance. Electronic commerce has expanded rapidly over the past five years and is predicted to continue at this rate, or even accelerate. In the near future the boundaries between "conventional" and "electronic" commerce will become increasingly blurred as more and more businesses move sections of their operations onto the Internet. Business to Business or B2B refers to electronic commerce between businesses rather than between a business and a consumer. B2B businesses often deal with hundreds or even thousands of other businesses, either as customers or suppliers. Carrying out these transactions electronically provides vast competitive advantages over traditional methods. When implemented properly, ecommerce is often faster, cheaper and more convenient than the traditional methods of bartering goods and services. Electronic transactions have been around for quite some time in the form of Electronic Data Interchange or EDI. EDI requires each supplier and customer to set up a dedicated data link (between them), where ecommerce provides a cost-effective method for companies to set up multiple, ad-hoc links. Electronic commerce has also led to the development of electronic marketplaces where suppliers and potential customers are brought together to conduct mutually beneficial trade. The road to creating a successful online store can be a difficult if unaware of ecommerce principles and what ecommerce is supposed to do for your online business. Researching and understanding the guidelines required to properly implement an e-business plan is a crucial part to becoming successful with online store building. E- Commerce Options and Issues

 E- COMMERCE means shopping on the part of the internet. It also known as buying and selling of products or services in the internet. The E- Commerce has a four category: B2B, B2E, B2C, and B2G. The E- commerce also has an advantage and dis advantage. 

 ADVANTAGE: - E- Commerce can increase sales and decrease costs. - E- Commerce increases sales opportunities for the seller, it increasing purchasing opportunities for the buyer. - E- Commerce uses for identifying the new suppliers and business partners, negotiating price and delivery terms. 

 DISADVANTAGE: - Stem from the uniqueness and rapidly developing for the technologies. - This advantage will disappear as e- commerce matures and becomes more available. 

 POSTED BY: ALYSSA MARIE P. GABI

MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

The manufacturing system is the method of organizing production. Many types of manufacturing systems are in place, including assembly lines, batch production and computer-integrated manufacturing. This system is for the nature and resources for the considerable variations that occurs the cross nationally levels for the manufacturing and for the wider industrial- economic growth, competitiveness and attractiveness for the foreign direct.

PRODUCT DATA MANAGEMENT

The Product data management is the use of software or other tools to track and control the data related to a particular product. The data tracked it usually involves the technical specifications of the product, specifications for manufacture and development, and the types of materials that will be required to produce goods. The use of product data management allows a company to track the various costs associated with the creation and launch of a product. Product data management is part of product life cycle management, and is primarily used by engineers. It will serves as a central knowledge repository for process and product history, and promotes integration and data exchange among all business users who interact with products — including project managers, engineers, sales people, buyers, and quality assurance teams.

SHOP FLOOR MANAGEMENT 

    The Shop Floor Management Systems have been becoming increasingly in more affordable as more manufactures begin to implement these systems.  They are quickly becoming more of a necessity than an option.  Many small and medium sized manufacturers are beginning to explore the feasibility of using such systems.  Once they begin to understand how these systems work they begin doing the preliminary preparation work and process modifications necessary to economically and efficiently implement this technology. 

QUALITY MANAGEMENT

The Quality Management has a specific meaning within many business sectors. This specific definition, which does not aim to assure 'good quality' by the more general definition, but rather to ensure that an organization or product is consistent, can be considered to have four main components: quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement. Quality management is focused not only on product/service quality, but also the means to achieve it. Quality management therefore uses quality assurance and control of processes as well as products to achieve more consistent quality.

Advanced Planning Systems

            The Advanced Planning Systems are strongly related to the concept of Supply Chain Management that focuses on the system-wide optimization of production and logistics. They extend the capabilities of the widely used Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems which provide only very limited planning support. Traditional planning and scheduling systems (such as MRP, or manufacturing resource planning) apply a successive planning procedure that is easy to understand but that neglects capacities and usually does not produce feasible plans. For a practical planner it is often not clear, what these APS really do, as the specific type of planning model and the solution algorithm used to solve a practical problem in general are not transparent. This site provides more information about planning problems that are currently supported or should be supported by Advanced Planning Systems. However, the scope of this site is not limited to APS.

COST ACCOUNTING

The Cost accounting is regarded as the process of collecting, analyzing, summarizing and evaluating various alternative courses of action involving costs and advising the management on the most appropriate course of action based on the cost efficiency and capability of the management. The organizations and managers are most of the times interested in and worried for the costs. The control of the costs of the past, present and future is part of the job of all the managers in a company. In the companies that try to have profits, the control of costs affects directly to them. Knowing the costs of the products is essential for decision-making regarding price and mix assignation of products and services.

POSTED BY: ALYSSA MARIE GABI

MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

Product Data Management

This is the way of controlling the data that associated to the particular products. Each data are usually the industrial specifications of the product, the used of data management allows a company to trail the various cost with association of a product. The product data management is focus is on organization and tracking the creation, vary and achieve of all information that based on the product. The information being stored and manage will include engineering data such as computer-aided design (CAD) models, drawings and their associated documents.

Product data management is also serves as a middle awareness store for procedure and product history, and promotes assimilation and data exchange among all business users who interact with products — including project managers, engineers, sales people, buyers, and quality assurance teams that used this system. It will have the information on the data by

* Part number

* Part description

* Supplier/vendor

* Vendor part number and description

* Unit of measure

* Cost/price

* Material data sheets

To track and manage all changes to the product that accelerate return on the investment with easy setup by the data management system it could spend less organizing and tracking design of data. It also a subset of a larger concept of product life cycle management .encompasses the processes needed to launch new products

Shop Floor Management Solution

The shop floor management is a solution provides comprehensive, real-time management of shop floor activities. The foundation of a shop floor management solution is the database, which manages information captured from a range of devices, such as bar code scanners, test equipment, operators PC’s, and equipment using PLC communication and monitoring. With relentless overseas competition and continued economic pressure, many mid-market and smaller companies are seeking shop floor management solutions to improve customer satisfaction, reduce scrap and rework, and streamline processes for efficiency.

Customer satisfaction – A shop floor management solution can increase customer satisfaction by predicting task completion to ensure on time delivery performance, improve support operations leading to customer delivery, such as transportation and logistics and accurate billing, and enable companies to respond quickly to different tracking and reporting requirements.

The shop floor management solution monitor can pull real-time information on defects per inspections and first pass yields, analyze quality control performance against standards, and display progress goals for defect minimization and other production metrics. A shop floor management system that integrates with maintenance applications and inventory management applications will support efficient scheduling of maintenance and downtime and better control of work in process inventory. It also has the potential to provide better visibility and timely information to assist shop floor supervisors manage their production responsibilities, track employee productivity, assess adherence to defined production processes, and allow managers to take steps to increase process maturity level. Develop shop floor management solution that could track and present dashboards in real time for defects per millions of inspections, first pass yields, and model costs for non-conformance.

Quality Management System (QMS)

A quality management system (QMS) can be expressed as the organizational structure, procedures, processes and resources needed to implement quality management. Early systems emphasized predictable outcomes of an industrial product production line, using simple statistics and random sampling. By the labor inputs were typically the most costly inputs in most industrialized societies, so focus shifted to team cooperation and dynamics, especially the early signaling of problems via a continuous improvement cycle. In the Quality Management System has tended to converge with sustainability and transparency initiatives, as both investor and customer satisfaction and perceived quality is increasingly tied to these factors. We have a elements of a Quality Management System that well lead us for the perfectly of understanding of QMS those are the. Organizational structure, Responsibilities, Data Management, Processes - including purchasing, Resources - including natural resources and human capital, Customer Satisfaction, Continuous Improvement, Product Quality, Maintenance, Sustainability - including efficient resource use and responsible environmental operations and the last one is Transparency and independent audit.

This natural Step, focus on sustainability issues and assume that other quality problems will be reduced as result of the systematic thinking, transparency, documentation and diagnostic discipline that sustainability focus implies. See sustainability for more on this approach to quality management.

Advanced planning

Advanced planning and scheduling also referred to as APS and advanced manufacturing it refers to a manufacturing management process by which raw materials and production capacity are optimally allocated to meet demand. APS is especially well-suited to environments where simpler planning methods cannot adequately address complex trade-offs between competing priorities. Production scheduling is intrinsically very difficult due to the about factorial dependence of the size of the solution space on the number of items/products to be manufactured.

Traditional planning and scheduling systems is such as Manufacturing resource planning that utilize a stepwise procedure to allocate material and production capacity. This approach is simple but unwieldy, and does not readily adapt to changes in demand, resource capacity or material availability. Materials and capacity are planned separately, and many systems do not consider limited material availability or capacity constraints. Thus, this approach often results in plans that cannot be executed. However, in spite of attempts to shift to the new system, attempts have not always been successful, which has called for the combination of management philosophy with manufacturing system.

Unlike previous systems, APS simultaneously plans and schedules production based on available materials, labor and plant capacity. APS has commonly been applied where one or more of the following conditions are present:

• Make-To-Order (as distinct from make-to-stock) manufacturing
• capital-intensive production processes, where plant capacity is constrained
• products 'competing' for plant capacity: where many different products are produced in each facility
• Products that require a large number of components or manufacturing tasks
• production necessitates frequent schedule changes which cannot be predicted before the event

Advanced Planning & Scheduling software enables manufacturing scheduling and advanced scheduling optimization within these environments.

Cost Accounting Management

Cost accounting information is commonly used in financial accounting information, but first we are concentrating in its use by managers to take decisions. This is to calculate everything on the company the products and their transaction of the capital between the costs. It can be important sources of information for the managers of a company. For this reason, the managers understand the forces and weaknesses of the cost accounting systems, and participate in the evaluation and evolution of the cost measurement and administration systems. Unlike the accounting systems that help in the preparation of financial reports periodically, the cost accounting systems and reports are not subject to rules and standards like the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. As a result, there is a wide variety in the cost accounting systems of the different companies and sometimes even in different parts of the same company or organization. Cost accounting is regarded as the process of collecting, analyzing, summarizing and evaluating various alternative courses of action involving costs and advising the management on the most appropriate course of action based on the cost efficiency and capability of the management. Cost accounting is intended for managers, given that managers are captivating decisions only for their own organization, there is no need for the information to be similar to similar information from other organizations. Instead, the important criterion is that the information must be relevant for decisions that managers operating in a particular environment of business including strategy make. The accountants who handle the cost accounting information add value by providing good information to managers who are taking decisions. Among the better decisions, the better performance of one's organization, regardless if it is a manufacturing company, a bank, a non-profit organization, a government agency, a school club or even a business school. The cost-accounting system is the result of decisions made by managers of an organization and the environment in which they make them.

Then organizations and managers are most of the times interested in and worried for the costs. The control of the costs of the past, present and future is part of the job of all the managers in a company. In the companies that try to have profits, the control of costs affects directly to them. Knowing the costs of the products is essential for decision-making regarding price and mix assignation of products and services.

,,,,,,,,,Posted by; Tampon, Mirasol

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Distribution And Logistics Management

Distribution and Logistics Management is an overarching term that refers to numerous activities and processes such as packaging, inventory, warehousing and supply chain. Logistics Management it is used for logistics automation which helps the supply chain industry in automating the workflow as well as management of the system. Distribution and  Logistic Management will be covered including physical distribution, warehouse selection, material handling, order fulfillment, customer service,receiving, production stores, and returned goods.

Procurement Management is the process businesses use to buy resources from suppliers.  And which is focus in supply chain management. This process helps companies negotiate prices and get the best quality resources for production processes. And will help to purchase goods and services from external suppliers. And it  is designed for organizations that want to control costs and streamline their procurement practices without sacrificing control - equally suited for both centralized and de-centralized purchasing processes.

Sales Order Management involves much more than taking an order and shipping it. Today's requirements include sophisticated order management, inventory allocation, kitting, and promotional pricing. The sales order its the internal document for the company, it generated by the company. The sales order it will record the customers originating purchase order which is the external document than using the customers purchase order. 

Inventory Management is a list compiled for some formal purpose, such as the details of an estate going to probate, or the contents of a house that can provide. This process usually involves controlling the transfer in of units in order to prevent the inventory from becoming too high, or dwindling to levels that could put the operation of the company into difficulty.


MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

Manufacturing System  is the method of organizing production and labor to produce goods for use or sale. This system is for the nature and resources for the considerable variations that occurs the cross nationally levels for the manufacturing and for the wider industrial- economic growth, competitiveness and attractiveness for the foreign direct. 

Product Data Management (PDM)  is part of product life cycle management, and is primarily used by engineers.and it is the use of software or other tools to track and control data related to a particular product. The data tracked usually involves the technical specifications of the product, specifications for manufacture and development, and the types of materials that will be required to produce goods. The use of product data management allows a company to track the various costs associated with the creation and launch of a product.  

Shoop Floor Management it is a practice that allow the managing level of one company to be closely to production line in a enterprise to know that problems. Once they begin to understand how these systems work they begin doing the preliminary preparation work and process modifications necessary to economically and efficiently implement this technology.  

Quality Management (QMS) can be expressed as the organizational structure, procedures, processes and resources needed to implement quality management. Early systems emphasized predictable outcomes of an industrial product production line, using simple statistics and random sampling.

Advanced Planning Management is to support the integrated, capacity-focused and optimal planning of operations in complex global supply chains. and it is strongly related to the concept of Supply Chain Management that focuses on the system-wide optimization of production and logistics. They extend the capabilities of the widely used Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems which provide only very limited planning support.

Cost Accounting Management it helps the business to establish the cost of production/services offered by the organization and also provides  expensive information for taking various decisions and also for cost control and cost  reduction.

Posted By: Sarah Jean Icoy

DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTICS

DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTICS

       The distribution and logistics management is a critical company function. The professionals in this field play a key role in fulfilling the customer demands, ordering and managing inventory, controlling inbound and outbound shipments, reducing costs, saving time, and meeting company objectives. On this course will not only show you how to create and operate a logistics function, but it will also show you how to achieve success through a combination of strategies and tactics. The elements of distribution and logistics management will be covered, including physical distribution, warehouse selection, material handling, packaging, order fulfillment, customer service, inventory management, receiving, production stores, and returned goods. 

PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT

     

The procurement management is the process for the companies use to purchase the economic resources and business input from suppliers or vendors. On this  process it helps the companies to negotiate prices and get the best quality resources for production processes. Smaller businesses do not usually have a department dedicated to procurement since they have much smaller business operations. It usually, small business owners or entrepreneurs are responsible for working with vendors and suppliers to obtain the necessary goods for business operations. The larger companies are able to purchase the resources and inputs in large volume quantities; high volume purchases usually require a procurement management process.

The basic economic resources typically include the land, labor and capital. The land is the physical resource companies use when producing goods or services for consumers. Physical resources may include natural resources such as timber, wildlife, or oceanic fisheries. Companies typically use procurement management to enter contracts or other legal agreements to purchase the right or access to natural resources for their business operations. Companies may also purchase already harvested physical resources from suppliers and vendors.

SALES ORDER

The sales order its the internal document for the company, it generated by the company. The sales order it will record the customers originating purchase order which is the external document than using the customers purchase order. The sales order, being an internal document, that contains many customer purchase orders under it. In a manufacturing environment, a sales order can be converted into a work order to show that work is about to begin to manufacture, build or engineer the products the customer wants.

INVENTORY MANAGEMENT

 The Inventory management it is the process of efficiently overseeing the constant flow of units into and out of an existing inventory. This process usually involves controlling the transfer in of units in order to prevent the inventory from becoming too high, or dwindling to levels that could put the operation of the company into jeopardy. Competent inventory management also seeks to control the costs associated with the inventory, both from the perspective of the total value of the goods included and the tax burden generated by the cumulative value of the inventory.

POSTED BY: ALYSSA MARIE GABI